Learning About Vaginal Polypectomy

A vaginal polypectomy is a procedure to remove vaginal polyps, or growths, that appear on the cervix.

These growths can be different sizes. They appear smooth and red or purple. Polyps most often occur after age 20. They can be caused by infections or hormone changes that happen during menopause. Polyps are also associated with chronic inflammation.

In most cases, polyps are harmless (benign). Only rarely are they cancerous (malignant).

Polyps can be painful. They can cause vaginal bleeding during sex or between menstrual periods. They can also give off a pus-like discharge.

Monitoring polyps is part of overall vaginal health. A small percentage of polyps cause cancer. Regular testing for human papillomavirus (HPV) is advised for people who have had polyps. This is the best way to screen for abnormal cell growth.

People with vaginal polyps are at a higher risk for pelvic inflammatory disease. They are also more likely to get cervicitis. This occurs because of chronic inflammation.

Most polyps can be removed at a gynecologist's office.

Your doctor will use polyp forceps to remove the growth. The doctor will gently twist the polyp off from the base. A laser may be needed if the polyp base is thicker.

If the polyp is inside of the cervix, a tool called a hysteroscope will be used. This tool has a small camera that helps the doctor see inside the cervix. Another tool will then be threaded through the hysteroscope to remove the polyp.

A biopsy will be taken for the smallest polyps. Your doctor will send the polyp to be tested in a lab. The lab will check for abnormal cells or infected tissue.

The procedure may cause a small amount of bleeding. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) can help manage pain and cramping. There are no major side effects.

If lab tests show that the polyp is infected, you will be prescribed antibiotics.

This procedure is very effective and safe. Most polyps don’t come back. It is important to get regular pelvic exams to help make sure that polyps don’t come back.