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什么是子宫内膜异位?

子宫内膜异位是一种影响生殖器官和生理周期的疾病。它可引起腹部绞痛和痛经。或者您可能整月骨盆疼痛。如果您患有此疾病而不加治疗,可能影响您的健康。但及早诊断和治疗的话,是可以控制的。

显示子宫和子宫内膜的女性骨盆横截面侧视图。
子宫内膜与子宫排成一行。它每个月都会增厚,为怀孕做准备。
显示子宫内膜异位发炎部位的女性骨盆横截面侧视图。
患有子宫内膜异位后,子宫内膜会在子宫外生长。

了解子宫内膜异位

患有子宫内膜异位后,子宫内的组织开始在不应该生长的地方生长。该子宫内膜还可能在卵巢、肠内或骨盆壁上生长。在月经期间,此额外组织会血肿,还可能释出微小的血滴。肿大和血会刺激附近的组织,导致疼痛和腹部绞痛。这种刺激可能形成瘢痕组织。瘢痕组织可将器官粘合在一起,还可能造成怀孕问题(不孕)。 

常见症状

如果您患有子宫内膜异位,您可能会有以下一种或多种症状:

  • 腹部绞痛和痛经

  • 骨盆痛

  • 性爱时疼痛

  • 排便疼痛

  • 怀孕困难(不孕)

治疗方式

治疗有助于缓解疼痛,也有助于恢复生育能力。治疗方式包括药物治疗和/或手术。药物也有助于缓解一些症状。请与医疗保健人员沟通这些治疗方式。

性爱时疼痛

子宫内膜异位可能造成性爱时疼痛。试着看看一月中某些时间的性交是否疼痛程度较轻。有些性交体位也可能造成疼痛。找到能减轻疼痛的体位。

© 2000-2025 The StayWell Company, LLC. All rights reserved. This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical care. Always follow your healthcare professional's instructions.
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