Peanut Allergy: Care Instructions

Overview

When a person with a peanut allergy eats peanuts, their body reacts as if the peanuts are trying to cause harm. It fights back by setting off an allergic reaction. A mild reaction may include raised, itchy patches of skin that are red or the same color as the person's skin. These are called hives. A severe reaction may cause hives all over, swelling in the throat, trouble breathing, nausea or vomiting, or fainting. This is called anaphylaxis (say "ANN-uh-fuh-LAK-suss"). An anaphylactic reaction can be life-threatening and is a medical emergency.

A good way to prevent an allergic reaction is to avoid the foods that cause it. Peanuts might be found in foods such as chili and vegetable oils. An allergy doctor or a dietitian may be able to help you understand which foods might be okay and what to avoid. Learn what to do if you or your child has a reaction.

Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor if you are having problems. It's also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take.

How can you care for yourself at home?

During a mild reaction

• Take a nondrowsy antihistamine, such as loratadine (Claritin), as your doctor recommends. Be safe with medicines. Read and follow all instructions on the label.

During a severe reaction

• Give yourself an epinephrine medicine, such as an epinephrine shot or nasal spray. Keep it with you at all times. Make sure it has not expired.

• Call for emergency help. A severe allergic reaction can be life-threatening and is a medical emergency.

To prevent future reactions

• Avoid the foods that cause problems. And try not to use utensils or cookware that may have been in contact with food that you are allergic to.

• Teach your family members, coworkers, and friends what to do if you have a severe reaction to a food that you are allergic to.

• Wear medical alert jewelry that lists your allergies. You can buy this at most drugstores.

When should you call for help?

Use an epinephrine medicine, such as an epinephrine shot or nasal spray, if:

• You think you are having a severe allergic reaction.

• You have symptoms in more than one body area, such as mild nausea and an itchy mouth.

After you give an epinephrine medicine, call 911 , even if you feel better.

Call 911 anytime you think you may need emergency care. For example, call if:

• You have symptoms of a severe allergic reaction. These may include:

  • Sudden raised, red areas (hives) all over your body.

  • Swelling of the throat, mouth, lips, or tongue.

  • Trouble breathing.

  • Passing out (losing consciousness). Or you may feel very lightheaded or suddenly feel weak, confused, or restless.

  • Severe belly pain, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.

Contact your doctor now or seek immediate medical care if:

• You have symptoms of an allergic reaction, such as:

  • A rash or hives (raised, red areas on the skin).

  • Itching.

  • Swelling.

  • Mild belly pain or nausea.

Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if:

• You do not get better as expected.

Current as of: October 25, 2024
Content Version: 14.6

Care instructions adapted under license by your healthcare professional. If you have questions about a medical condition or this instruction, always ask your healthcare professional. Ignite Healthwise, LLC, disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information.