Frostbite in Children: Care Instructions
Overview
Frostbite is freezing of the skin and the tissues below the skin. It occurs when a child is exposed to
freezing temperatures for too long. It most often happens to exposed parts of the body, like the fingers,
toes, ears, and nose. Frostbite is described by degree, from first to fourth degree. The degree is based on
the level of injury.
Treatment includes relieving pain and quickly rewarming the frostbitten body parts. (Rewarming is done only
if there is no risk of the body parts freezing again.) This can help prevent problems such as infection and
dead tissue. It can also prevent amputation of the frozen part.
Follow-up care is a key part of your child's treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all
appointments, and call your doctor if your child is having problems. It's also a good idea to know your
child's test results and keep a list of the medicines your child takes.
How can you care for your child at home?
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If the doctor prescribed antibiotics for your child, give them as directed. Do not stop using them just
because your child feels better. Your child needs to take the full course of antibiotics.
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Give pain medicines exactly as directed.
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If the doctor gave your child a prescription medicine for pain, give it as prescribed.
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If your child is not taking a prescription pain medicine, ask your doctor if your child can take an
over-the-counter medicine.
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Do not give your child two or more pain medicines at the same time unless the doctor told you to. Many
pain medicines have acetaminophen, which is Tylenol. Too much acetaminophen (Tylenol) can be harmful.
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Protect skin that has been injured by frostbite.
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Do not expose frostbitten skin to cold temperatures.
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Use sunscreen and protective clothing. They can protect frostbitten skin from damage by the sun.
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Do not rub or massage the injured area.
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Do not disturb blisters or other sores.
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Apply aloe vera to your child's skin as directed by your doctor.
When should you call for help?
Call your
doctor now or seek immediate medical care if:
Watch closely for changes in your child's health, and be sure to contact your doctor if:
Current as of: July 10, 2023
Content Version: 14.0
Care instructions adapted under license by your
healthcare professional. If you have questions about a medical condition or this instruction, always ask
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this information.